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《南京师大学报（社会科学版）》[ISSN:1006-6977/CN:61-1281/TN]

卷:

期数:

2016年04期

页码:

052

栏目:

【政治理论与实践：行政行为与政策研究】

出版日期:

2016-06-30

文章信息/Info

Title:

Guiding Principles for Action in a Highly Complicated Society

作者:

张康之^*

南京大学服务型政府研究所，210036

Author(s):

ZHANG Kang-zhi

关键词:

复杂性; 不确定性; 全球化; 后工业化; 共生共在; 合作行动

Keywords:

complexity; indeterminacy; globalization; post-industrialization; symbiotic existence; collaborative action

摘要:

在全球化与后工业化时代，社会呈现出了高度复杂性和高度不确定性，也以风险社会的形式呈现给了我们。在这一条件下，如何开展行动以及如何通过行动而走向健康发展的道路，是需要首先确立起基本的行动方针的。近代以来的社会建构是在同一性、普遍性的原则下进行的，也在形而上学的思考中确立了社会建构的起点——抽象的、原子化的个人。其实，社会并不是独立于人之外的存在，而是包含在人的生活和活动之中的。社会的高度复杂性和高度不确定性就是包含在人的生活和活动之中的社会特性，对人所提出的是人的共生共在的要求。基于人的共生共在的社会建构将会在理论上实现对个人主义和集体主义、利己主义和利他主义的超越，也将在社会实践中彻底终结旁观者与行动者的区分，并把每一个人都集结到行动过程中来，出于人的共生共在的目的开展行动和实现社会建构。

Abstract:

In the era of globalization and post-industrialization，the society has become extremely complex andindeterminate：we are facing a society full of risks. Under this condition，we have to establish a set of guidingprinciples for our action before we know what actions to take and how to make for a sound developmentthrough taking these actions. The social construction since the modern times has been made under the principleof identity and universality and the elements of the social construction have been recognized as the abstract andatomic individuals in our metaphysical reflection on the issue. However，the society is not isolated from humanbeings but rather exists in the life and activities of social subjects. The extreme complexity and indeterminacyof society is embodied in the social aspects of human life and activities and requires human beings to achievea symbiotic existence. The social construction based on the symbiotic requirement of human beings will riseabove the limitations faced by individualism，collectivism，egoism and altruism and bridge the gap between theobserver and the participant in social practice，thus engaging each individual in the social action and achievinga social construction based on the symbiotic existence and collaborative action of all the members of a society.

备注/Memo

备注/Memo:

* 哲学博士，教育部长江学者特聘教授，南京大学服务型政府研究所教授、博士生导师，210036。

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更新日期/Last Update: 2016-07-15