奈保尔笔下身份困境中失语他者的主动言说-《南京师大学报》（社会科学版）

文章信息/Info

Title:: The Voice of the Social Other Speaking Up in the Identity Crisis in Naipaul's Novels

Keywords:: identity dilemma; Other; speaking up; hegemonic discourse; V.S.Naipaul

摘要:: 受困于西方中心主义思想,奈保尔将作品中的有色人种和女性人物塑造为种族他者、阶级他者或性别他者,以模式化、机械化的二元对立价值体系作为刻画失语他者的刻板标准。尽管毕司沃斯先生终其一生的建房之旅依旧充满浓重的悲剧色彩,吉米的激进反抗总使他受困于野蛮与非理性的泥沼,而图尔西夫人与海瑞拉夫人也并不足以掩盖奈保尔一贯的厌女意识,但作家依然肯定了他们的能动性与创造力,并赋予他们主动言说的权力,使他们短暂地脱离被主体肆意操控的被动状态,在某种意义上成为具备自我意志的存在。

Abstract:: Deeply influenced by the Western ideology, Naipaul accepts the opposition between the Subject and the Other in the traditional binary and always takes the Western aesthetics as the standard to judge colonized people, establishing the survival dilemma and identity crisis of the social Other in the postcolonial era. Within the human society, Mr. Biswas considers his house as the only medium to fight against hegemonic discourse and constructs his cultural identity at the cost of his life; through a violent struggle, Jimmy dispels the double restraints imposed by both the Western ideological manipulation and Naipaul the writer; Mrs. Tulsi and Mrs. Hereira are the most special ones among all the stereotyped female characters, although their existence cannot gloss over Naipaul's gender bias. However, Naipaul still confirms their agency and creativity, endows them with the capability to speak for themselves and challenge the male hegemony, thus helping them temporarily construct the subjectivity and dispel the passive dilemma of the Other in an active way.