[1]李 涛 李 茜.中国高校农村籍应届毕业生就业形势与发展趋势——基于2021年和2020年两轮全国调研数据的实证研究[J].南京师大学报(社会科学版),2022,(03):046-57.
LI Tao,LI Xi.The Employment of Rural Graduates in Chinese Universities: An Empirical Study Based on National Survey Data in 2021 and 2020[J].Journal of Nanjing Normal University (Social Science Edition),2022,(03):046-57.
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中国高校农村籍应届毕业生就业形势与发展趋势——基于2021年和2020年两轮全国调研数据的实证研究
《南京师大学报》（社会科学版）[ISSN:1006-6977/CN:61-1281/TN]
- 卷:
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- 期数:
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2022年03期
- 页码:
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046-57
- 栏目:
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- 出版日期:
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2022-06-15
文章信息/Info
- Title:
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The Employment of Rural Graduates in Chinese Universities: An Empirical Study Based on National Survey Data in 2021 and 2020
- 作者:
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李 涛 李 茜
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- Author(s):
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LI Tao; LI Xi
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- 关键词:
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农村籍应届毕业生; 就业形势; 发展趋势; 实证研究
- Keywords:
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rural graduates; employment situation; development trend; empirical research
- 摘要:
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根据两轮调查,课题组发现:已就业的农村籍毕业生就业税后薪酬近五成集中于3001—5000元,显著低于城镇籍毕业生; 就业岗位与所学专业总体相关度水平、就业满意度略低于城镇籍毕业生; 离职比例略高于城镇籍毕业生。未就业农村籍毕业生首选就业地是新一线城市; 首选期待是中初等教育单位; 期待薪酬四成集中于5001—8000元,低于城镇籍毕业生,但比城镇籍毕业生在择业选择时更看重薪酬待遇; 考试失利后准备复考的比例显著低于城镇籍毕业生; 择业失利后更愿意降低就业标准。农村籍应届毕业生内部存在较大就业差异,内部差异甚至高于城乡差异,通过Logistic回归分析,发现性别、家庭经济状况、学校类型、学校层次、学科类型、学科层次、个人学历等变量在不同类别间对农村籍毕业生就业的影响存在一定的差异:农村籍男性毕业生比女性、农村籍非经济困难家庭比农村籍经济困难家庭的毕业生更具成功就业优势,学校类型、学校层次、学科类型、学科层次、个人学历对农村籍毕业生成功就业存在显著影响,但学业成绩没有显著影响。
- Abstract:
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Based on the two rounds of surveys, the research team of the “Comprehensive Survey on Employment of College Graduates in China during the Epidemic Period” has made the following findings with special reference to the rural graduates. For the employed ones,(a)nearly half of them, the after-tax salary was concentrated in 3001—5000 yuan, which was significantly lower than that of urban graduates;(b)their employment satisfaction and the overall level of correlation between their positions and their specialties were slightly lower than that of urban graduates, whereas their turnover rate was slightly higher. For the unemployed ones,(a)their preferred employment place was new first-tier cities;(b)among 40 percent of them, the expected salary ranged from 5001 to 8000 yuan. which was generally lower than that of urban graduates, but they paid more attention to compensation package when choosing a career;(c)the proportion of rural graduates preparing for re-examination after failing the exam was significantly lower than that of urban graduates;(d)they were more willing to lower their employment standards after failing to choose a job. There was a significant difference in employment among rural graduates, which was even higher than that between urban and rural areas. Through logistic regression analysis, it was found that gender, family economic status, school type, school level, discipline type, discipline level, personal education background and other variables had certain differences in the impact of different categories on the employment of rural graduates. Male graduates from rural areas had an employment advantage over female ones, and this employment advantage applied to rural non-poor families as well when compared with the rural poor ones. School type, school level, discipline type, discipline level, and personal education background had a significant influence on rural graduates’ successful employment, but their academic achievement showed no significant impact.
备注/Memo
- 备注/Memo:
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李涛,教育学博士,教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地东北师范大学中国农村教育发展研究院教授、博士生导师,《中国农村教育评论》副主编兼执行主编(长春130024); 李茜,美国纽约州立大学石溪分校研究人员。本文系国家社会科学基金重大项目“代际社会学视野下的中国新生代价值观念与行为方式研究”(19ZDA146)的阶段性研究成果。
更新日期/Last Update:
1900-01-01