早期隔代抚养对初中生教育和健康状况的影响-《南京师大学报》（社会科学版）

文章信息/Info

Title:: The Effects of Early Childhood Grandparenting on Middle SchoolStudents Educational and Health Development

Keywords:: grandparenting; academic performance; cognitive ability; mental health; selfrated health

摘要:: 隔代抚养是我国早期养育中的常见模式，但其效果众说纷纭。本文利用中国教育追踪调查（CEPS）基线调查数据，考察儿童学前是否隔代抚养的影响因素，及其对儿童初中阶段的教育（学业成绩、认知能力分数）和健康（自评健康和心理健康）的影响。研究发现，有超过1/4的儿童在学前主要由祖辈进行隔代抚养。其次，城镇地区的父母教育程度越高，越可能采取隔代抚养，但在农村不显著。第三，简单OLS回归和定序logit回归表明早期隔代抚养对学业成绩和认知能力无显著影响，但对心理健康和自评健康存在一定消极效应。利用倾向值匹配方法进行的稳健性检验支持这一简单回归结论。第四，早期隔代抚养对学业成绩和认知能力存在异质化效应，对家长教育水平较低的弱势家庭孩子有显著积极效应。

Abstract:: Grandparenting is a prevalent childcare pattern in China, while its effects on children are still in debate. Using Chinese Education Panel Study(CEPS)baseline data, this paper analyzed the factors influencing families decision on care giver in early childhood, and examined the effects of early childhood grandparenting on children educational(academic performance and cognitive ability)and health outcomes(mental health and selfrated health)in middle schools. First, the results show that, before primary school, more than a quarter of the children are primarily cared by grandparents. Second, the parents in urban areas who have higher education level, are more inclined to adopt grandparenting for their children. However, this pattern is not significant in rural areas. Third, simple OLS and ordinal logit regression results indicate that early childhood grandparenting has no significant effects on children s academic performance and cognitive scores in middle school, but plays significant negative effects on children s mental health and selfrated health. The propensity scores matching method also support this conclusion from simple regressions. Fourth, there are differential family background effects of early childhood grandparenting on students academic performance and cognitive ability, favoring the children from families with low parental education.

备注/Memo:: 曾迪洋，社会学博士，南京财经大学公共管理学院讲师（南京210023）；洪岩璧，社会学博士，东南大学人文学院社会学系副教授（南京211189）。本研究得到国家社科基金项目“早期健康状况对阶层固化的影响机制及对策研究”（17CSH063）、江苏省社科基金项目（17SHC002）和江苏省“道德发展智库”的支持。About the authors：ZENG Diyang, PhD in Sociology, is Lecturer at School of Public Administration, Nanjing University of Finance & Economics(Nanjing 210023); HONG Yanbi, PhD in Sociology, is Associate Professor at Department of Sociology, School of Humanities, Southeast University(Nanjing 211189).