中国人的道德结构：道德差序圈-《南京师大学报》（社会科学版）

文章信息/Info

Keywords:: moral circle; differential mode of association; morality; differential; scope; East-West comparison

摘要:: 道德差序圈是指个体对自己与其他实体进行道德考量的心理结构。它具有两个维度，即范围与差序。前者指的是究竟有多少道德实体让个体感到应对其负道德义务，并进入个体的道德考量中；而后者指的是究竟不同的道德圈层之间个体对其道德义务感与道德考量程度上有多大区别。道德差序圈是基于中国传统文化背景并结合西方科学范式产生的概念，对于西方道德圈研究而言，这种结合能够巧妙地弥补其对差序维度的研究缺陷，使其在差序维度得以蓬勃生长的文化土壤中得到更为充分的阐明；而对于我国差序格局研究而言，道德圈概念的融入不仅能够为其注入实证科学的新鲜血液，也为其被西方学者所理解打开了大门。因此，道德差序圈是一座能够联结东西方文化交流的桥梁，通过两种最能触及中西文化本质的道德概念之融合，我们期望能够在解释中国人的道德判断与行为时做出有中国特色、中国风格、中国气派的尝试。

Abstract:: Moral differential circle refers to the individual mental structure for the entities worthy of differentmoral considerations. The moral differential circle has two dimensions. The first one is the scope, which meansextending some moral consideration to more types of entities. The second is the differential level, i.e. the levelof moral consideration extended to each entity. As a combination of Chinese traditional culture and Westernscientific paradigm, moral differential circle can benefit research on both moral circle and the differential modeof association ( aka chaxugeju ). On the one hand, moral differential circle contributes to the research on themoral circle by making up for a lack of differential level. On the other hand, moral differential circle contributesto research on the differential mode of association by introducing empirical research method, which helps it tobe understood by Western scholars. Hence, moral differential circle is a way of building bridges between theEast and the West. By combining these two moral conceptions closely related to different cultures, we aim atexplaining Chinese moral judgements and behaviors in a way with Chinese characteristics.