[1]张成岗*.技术专家在风险社会中的角色及其限度[J].南京师大学报(社会科学版),2013,(05):021-27.
　ZHANG Cheng gang.The Role of Technocrats in Risk Society and Its Limits[J].Journal of Nanjing Normal University (Social Science Edition),2013,(05):021-27.
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技术专家在风险社会中的角色及其限度
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《南京师大学报》（社会科学版）[ISSN:1006-6977/CN:61-1281/TN]

卷:
期数:
2013年05期
页码:
021-27
栏目:
出版日期:
2013-09-25

文章信息/Info

Title:
The Role of Technocrats in Risk Society and Its Limits
作者:
张成岗*
清华大学社会科学学院 100084
Author(s):
ZHANG Chenggang
关键词:
技术专家; 现代性; 风险社会; 风险界定
Keywords:
technocrats;  modernity;  risk society;  definition of risks
摘要:
在以追求安全为崇高目标的现代性运动中却遭遇了风险的巨大挑战,人类已进入风险社会。风险既具有实在性又具有建构型。在风险建构中，掌握着专业知识的专家扮演着重要角色。进行风险界定，为风险决策提供合法性基础是技术专家在风险社会的重要角色定位，但其角色及其功能实现具有其限度，表现在：技术专家进行的风险界定可能产生更大风险；技术专家风险界定所依赖的量化和实证方法隐含内在缺陷；风险管理是包含技术要素和非技术要素在内的复杂过程，技术专家对非技术问题的解决无能为力。要加强人类社会应对风险的能力，应当进一步提高风险意识，打破专家对风险界定的垄断，实现风险决策结构的开放，使利益相关者可以真正参与到风险决策中来。
Abstract:
Human beings face a great challenge of risk in the modernity movement with their noble goal of pursuing security; they live in a risk society. Risks have their real existence as well as being constructed to some extent. In such a society, technocrats play an important role in defining what is the risk and providing legitimacy for risk decisionmaking. But the roles they played have such limits: their definition of risk may lead to greater risks; the quantitative and empirical methods they used to define the risk have intrinsic defects; risk management is a complex process which includes technical elements and nontechnical elements, so they can do nothing with the nontechnical problems. To increase the human ability to cope with the risk, we should further improve our risk awareness, break the experts monopoly in defining risks and open the risk decisionmaking structures, so that stakeholders can really participate in risk decision making.

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备注/Memo

备注/Memo:
*哲学博士，清华大学社会科学学院副教授，博士生导师，100084。本文是教育部人文社会科学规划项目（12YJA720032）、清华大学人文社科振兴基金研究项目（2010WKYB012）的阶段成果。
更新日期/Last Update: 2013-09-25