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《南京师大学报》（社会科学版）[ISSN:1006-6977/CN:61-1281/TN]

卷:

期数:

2019年03期

页码:

106-115

栏目:

法学：高等教育法治化建设专题

出版日期:

2019-05-25

文章信息/Info

Title:

The Constitutional Regulation over the Policy of Awarded Points in China’s College Admission System

作者:

管 华

西北政法大学行政法学院，教育立法研究基地（西安 710063）

Author(s):

GUAN Hua

关键词:

高考加分; 行政许可; 录取自主权; 教育平等权; 科学研究自由

Keywords:

awarded points in college admission;  administrative permission;  autonomy in admission;  equal right to education;  freedom of scientific research

摘要:

高考加分事关亿万兆民。考生入学请求权的宪法依据常被误认为是受教育基本权利，其实是平等权。虽然高校在招录过程中依附于政府，但当其行使录取自主权时，该权力的实质是学术权力，来源于科学研究自由。横亘在考生与高校之间的调档行为属于行政许可，既缺乏法律依据，也不宜继续存在。各省新建或培育高水平大学是保障平等权和科学研究自由的根本之道。北大、清华和热门专业取消奖励性加分，补偿性加分不构成录取的决定性因素，则能实现平等权与科学研究自由的均衡。

Abstract:

The policy of awarded points in college admission concerns millions of people. The constitutional basis for the right to application for admission to universities, which is often mistaken for the basic right to education, is actually the basic right of equality. Although colleges and universities are controlled by the government in the process of admission, the autonomy which they exercise in admission is academic power that comes from the freedom of doing scientific research. The transfer of the candidates’ files from the government to colleges is administrative permission, which lacks legal basis and thus should not exist any longer. Building high level universities in different provinces is the only basic road to ensuring both equality and the freedom of scientific research. If universities such as Peking University and Tsinghua University and some popular degree programs abolish the system of awarding bonus points and the compensatory bonus points do not play a decisive role in admission, we can balance the equality and the freedom of scientific research in China’s universities.

备注/Memo

备注/Memo:

管华，法学博士，西北政法大学行政法学院教授，教育立法研究基地执行主任（西安 710063）。本研究得到中国国家留学基金和西北政法大学“党内法规研究”青年学术创新团队计划资助。About the author: GUAN Hua, PhD in Law, is Professor at School of Administrative Law and Executive Director of the Research Center for Education Law Legislation, Northwest University of Political Science and Law（Xi’an 710063）.

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更新日期/Last Update: 2019-05-25