[1]刘 芳*.现代国家建设视角下蒙藏委员会制度简论[J].南京师范大学学报(社会科学版),2016,(06):095.
　LIU Fang.Viewing the Commission of Mongolian and Tibetan Affairs from thePerspective of Building a Modern Nation[J].Journal of Nanjing Normal University (Social Science Edition),2016,(06):095.
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现代国家建设视角下蒙藏委员会制度简论
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《南京师范大学学报（社会科学版）》[ISSN:1006-6977/CN:61-1281/TN]

卷:
期数:
2016年06期
页码:
095
栏目:
历史问题研究
出版日期:
2016-12-30

文章信息/Info

Title:
Viewing the Commission of Mongolian and Tibetan Affairs from thePerspective of Building a Modern Nation
作者:
刘 芳*
中国人民大学书报资料中心，100087。
Author(s):
LIU Fang
关键词:
蒙藏委员会; 蒙藏院; 民族—国家; 训政体制; 中央与地方关系
Keywords:
Commission of Mongolian and Tibetan Affairs; Mongolian and Tibetan Council; nation-state; political tutelage system; relationship between central government and local government
摘要:
蒙藏委员会是南京国民政府中央主管蒙藏事务的专门机构。蒙藏委员会不是严格意义上的民族事务机构或边政机构，也不是单纯的中央行政主管机关，其施政对象为“蒙藏”地区，其制度使命是：在训政体制下革兴蒙藏地方行政，扶植蒙藏民族自决自治，实现三民主义的国家建设目标；而其职能主要体现在：一是在中央层面针对蒙藏各项行政革兴计划发挥决策设计、组织协调的作用，二是代表中央政府指导、监督乃至直接举办蒙藏地方行政。然而，一方面由于国民政府缺乏有效的民族政策，蒙藏委员会的机构地位和职能要求不匹配，对其他中央职能机构缺乏约束力，其决策协调功能无法有效发挥；另一方面，由于蒙藏地方行政制度的特殊性，中央权威对地方控制的乏力，导致改革职能无法有效贯彻。由此导致国民政府试图通过自上而下的行政改革一举解决蒙藏问题和推进国家建设的目标未能实现
Abstract:
The Commission of Mongolian and Tibetan Affairs was the central administrative organ of theNanjing National Government in charge of the Mongolian and Tibetan affairs. The commission was neither anagency handling ethnic affairs or making frontier policies in a strict sense nor a competent organ of the centralgovernment. Its policy objects were the Mongolian and Tibetan areas. Its institutional mission was，in the initialstage of People’s Republic of China，to promote a comprehensive reform in Mongolian and Tibetan areas onbehalf of the state，and to achieve the desired goal of building a modern nation. The commission’s functionswere mainly embodied in two aspects：firstly，at the central level，playing the decision-making and policycoordination functions；secondly，on behalf of the central government，guiding，supervising and directlydealing with local administrative affairs in Mongolian and Tibetan regions. However，the national governmentat last failed to effectively solve Mongolian and Tibetan problems through a top-down administrative reform inits drive to build a modern China. There were actually two causes for this failure. On the one hand，the nationalgovernment lacked effective policies dealing with ethnic issues；this caused a mismatch between the institutionalstatus of the commission and the functions it was expected to play so that the policies made by the commissionhad insufficient binding effect on other departments of the central government，thus failing to play the functionof policy coordination between different governmental bodies. On the other hand，the reforms initiated by thecentral government cannot effectively be carried out due to its weak control over local governments.

备注/Memo

备注/Memo:
* 政治学博士，中国人民大学书报资料中心副编审，100087。
更新日期/Last Update: 2016-12-31