重审“九叶”诗群的诗学倾向及其与左翼作家之关系-《南京师大学报（社会科学版）》

文章信息/Info

Title:: Rethinking the Poetic Tendencies of Jiuye Poets and Their Relation with Left-wing Writers

摘要:: 过去学界常将“九叶”诗人视作“反主流”或者“反传统”的现代主义诗歌流派,其实这种“主流——边缘”的二元视角有失准确。相比而言,组成这一群体的《诗创造》一支与新诗传统有更多的延续性和同构性,他们身上有很多“主流”以及“残余”因素,在四十年代后期才开始体现出一些“新变”因素; 而西南联大一支则更多地体现出过去新诗传统中没有的“异质性”。“九叶”诗人与左翼作家的分歧其实主要不是“现代主义”与“现实主义”的分歧,而是关于文学要不要体现“人民本位”、要不要当作“宣传工具”等问题上的分歧。尽管“九叶”的两分支体现出不同程度的“新变”因素,但是对于“人民文学”而言,它们都是“异端”,都应予以“收编”。从这一角度出发,可以理解“九叶”这一群体是如何被视为/自视为一个“流派”的。

Abstract:: The previous studies on jiuye九叶(literally nine leaves)poets regarded them as a modernist school characterized by their “anti-mainstream” or “anti-traditional” pursuits. The binary view of “mainstream vs. margin” or “tradition vs. modern” adopted by these studies is actually questionable. In fact, the branch of this poetic school identified with the journal shi chuanzao 诗创造(Poetic Creation)shared a lot of continuity and homogeneity with the tradition of modern Chinese poetry, thus having strong “mainstream” and “residual” features. Only in the late 1940s did their poems show some emergent elements. Comparatively, the branch identified with xinan lianda西南联大(Southwest United University)had more heterogeneity than the shi chuangzao branch in the history of modern Chinese poetry. The divergence between jiuye poets and zuoyi 左翼(left wing)writers is not a difference between “modernism” and “realism” in nature; instead, it is a matter of whether or not the writers should follow the principle of putting the masses first and take literature as a means to spread the revolutionary ideas. These two branches of jiuye poets show different levels of emergent elements; however, they were both regarded as “heterodoxes” to left-wing writers and should be “incorporated” by the later. This historical perspective helps us understand how jiuye poets are viewed as a school by others and by themselves.