路径依赖视角下中越两国权力监督改革比较-《南京师大学报》（社会科学版）

文章信息/Info

Title:: Power Supervision Reforms in China and Vietnam: A Comparative Analysis Based on a Perspective of Path Dependenc

Keywords:: power supervision; formal rules; informal rules; vested interest groups

摘要:: 基于路径依赖的微观视角分析，中越两国在权力监督改革方面呈现出三个方面的异同。即，在正式规则方面，两国在改革的深层动力与实践取向上具有共同性，而在宪政制度、国家治理模式、法律规制等方面由于历史传统不同而表现出了差异性；在非正式规则方面，两国改革的共同障碍来源于权力崇拜与服从型政治文化的影响，而意识形态与文化信仰的差异则导致各色监督学说亲疏有别并使得两国权力监督改革表现出不同的变数；既得利益群体在体制变迁惯性推动力方面，其共同性表现为态度认知与风险成本使得内发式监督几无可能，而差异性则表现为由权力红利的积累速度、总量及对社会分配的影响而导致不同的改革难度与压力。从本质上看，中越两国权力监督改革能否成功，关键取决于执政党对改革是否保持有效的控制力。

Abstract:: Viewed from a micro perspective of path dependence, power supervision reforms in China and Vietnam show both similarities and differences in three aspects. In terms of formal rules, the two countries share the same underlying driving force for reform and the same practice orientation, but show differences in the constitutional system, the mode of governance and legal regulation due to their different histories and traditions. In terms of informal rules, they have the common obstacle to reform which results from the worship of power and the political culture characterized by obedience, but their different ideologies and cultural beliefs make them different in understanding the power supervision reform both in theory and in practice. Due to the same inertia against reform caused by the invested interest groups, it is almost impossible for them to achieve internal supervision because they hold similar attitude toward reform and having the similar cost of risk; but they have different difficulties and pressures in reform due to their differences in the speed and amount of accumulating powergenerated profits and in distribution of social resources. In essence, the success of power supervision reforms in China and Vietnam is determined by whether the ruling parties in the two countries can play a “locomotive” role in the power supervision reform and keep an effective control of the reform process.