明代的选学与赋论-《南京师大学报》（社会科学版）

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Keywords:: Ming Dynasty; literary selections; fu theory; style identification; renaissance

摘要:: 明代选学兴盛,其选赋之作则有“广、续《文选》”系、“赋集”系与“文总集”系三大类,汇总前人,推崇赋体,充分表现出因辨体而复古的倾向。明人选赋,其中一个主要特征是由尊“《选》”与辨“选”到辨“体”而宗“汉”,多数赋选均以汉赋为鹄的,构建赋学历史观,并树立起辞赋创作之经典。而明人复兴“选学”以及选赋之风的炽盛,是伴随明中叶弘治、嘉靖以后文学复古思潮而来,其对汉赋特别是司马相如赋的推崇、评点汉赋功用与气象所包含的当世精神、以及对赋体脱离科举文战而表现的艺术鉴赏,均体现了当代文人化复古于赋论思想的提升。

Abstract:: The Ming Dynasty witnessed a revival of literary selections, which can be divided into the following three categories: continuing and enlarging the classical selections; building special collections of the fu poetry; and establishing comprehensive collections of different literary genres. The scholars in different schools, however, showed a common tendency to extol the fu poetry while working on the basis of what their predecessors’ had done. They usually resorted to the criteria of the Han Dynasty when selecting the fu poems though respecting the pattern and standard embodied in the Selections of Prince Zhaoming. In so doing, they constructed their own historical view on the fu poetry and at the same time created some classical fu poems. The revival of literary selections and the fu poetry in the Ming Dynasty was actually a consequence of the social trend at that time, when there was a renaissance of the traditions before the Jin Dynasty and the merits of fu poetry(especially the fu poems of Sima Xiangru)were recontextalized and given new interpretations.