«上一篇/Previous Article|本期目录/Table of Contents|下一篇/Next Article»

《南京师大学报》（社会科学版）[ISSN:1006-6977/CN:61-1281/TN]

卷:

期数:

2024年02期

页码:

027-40

栏目:

教育学研究

出版日期:

2024-04-25

文章信息/Info

Title:

The Advancement of Sensibility: Perceptual Learning and Its Developmental Value

作者:

郭元祥; 马晓华

Author(s):

GUO Yuanxiang;  MA Xiaohua

关键词:

感受与感受性; 感性与理性; 感受性学习; 深度教学

Keywords:

sensation and sensitivity;  sensibility and rationality;  perceptual learning;  deep teaching

摘要:

作为感性的存在物，人具有感觉与感受的能力，感受性是人的实践特性。充分发挥感性活动对学生发展的丰富价值是推进学习形态变革，发展学生核心素养的本质诉求。感受是人反映现实世界的重要方式，是人的感官、身体、心灵等对现实世界敞开的开放性态度，是对社会、道德和美的吸纳、包容与理解。通过感受人得以获取关于现实世界的体验，并完善认知，丰盈情感，从而不断实现自身的完整发展。感受是感性和理性的统一，感觉构成了感受生成的基础，人的感受性依赖于感性活动的深化。课堂学习必须克服过于强调知识的符号训练和孤立的理性认知、轻视学生感性发展、学习环境封闭、与真实情境和社会生活经验脱离的弊端，重视学生的感受能力培育。基于人的感受性，感受性学习是以感官为通道，以感觉、知觉等感性活动过程为基础，以感知、体验、感悟为基本方式的学习形态，是一种对象性的感性活动和实践活动。感受性学习的内在机制包括以感知觉和表象为基础的感性反映过程、感性向理性的进阶过程、认知和情感的双向互动过程。促进学生的感受性学习，发展学生的感受力，要真正进入学生内在的学习过程创设学习活动，解放学生的感官，基于真实情境丰富学生的体验与表达，在高度关切现实世界中实现知识和观念的活态化，引导学生走向感受性实践。

Abstract:

As a sentient being, man has the ability to perceive and feel, and sensibility is the practical characteristic of man. Giving full play to the rich value of perceptual activities for students' development is the essential demand for promoting the change of learning forms and developing students' core qualities. Perception serves as a crucial avenue through which individuals engage with the world around them, it is the opening of people's senses, body, mind, cognition, and emotion to the real world, and it is the absorption, tolerance and understanding of society, morality, and beauty. Through perception, people can acquire the experience of the real world, improve cognition and enrich emotion, so as to continuously realize their complete development. Perception integrates emotion and reason, with emotion forming the foundation of perceptual responses, and human sensibility evolving through deepened perceptual engagement. In the classroom, it is essential to overcome the disadvantages of over-emphasizing the symbolic training of knowledge and isolated rational cognition, undervaluing students' perceptual development, closing the learning environment and being divorced from the real situation and social life experience, and to attach importance to the cultivation of students' sensory ability. Based on human perception, perceptual learning is a learning form that utilizes the senses as channels, is grounded in sensory processes such as sensation and perception, and employs perception, experience, and insight as fundamental modes. It is an object-oriented form of sensory and practical activity. The internal mechanism of perceptual learning includes processes such as perceptual reflection based on perception and imagery, progression from perception to rationality, and the bidirectional interaction between cognition and emotion. To promote students' perceptual learning and develop their sensibility, it is necessary to truly enter their inner learning processes and create learning activities that liberate their senses. This involves enriching students' experiences and expressions based on real situations, activating knowledge and ideas within the context of the real world, and guiding them towards experiential practices with a high degree of concern for reality.

备注/Memo

备注/Memo:

郭元祥，教育学博士，华中师范大学教育学院教授、博士生导师，长江学者特聘教授（武汉430079）；马晓华，通信作者,华中师范大学教育学院博士研究生（武汉430079）。本文为教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地华东师范大学课程与教学研究所2022年度重大项目“指向核心素养的课堂学习研究”（22JJD880026）的阶段研究成果。

常用功能

更新日期/Last Update: 2024-04-25