民法典背景下保险人信息提供义务的完善-《南京师大学报》（社会科学版）

文章信息/Info

Title:: Improvement of the Insurers' Obligations to Provide Information in the Context of the Civil Code

Keywords:: The Civil Code; insurers' obligations to provide information; significant interests; preliminary burden of proof in respect of its obligations of providing information

摘要:: 《保险法》以格式免责条款作为划分保险人信息提供义务强度的标准，存在逻辑缺陷，在实践中引发争议和混乱。《民法典》在格式条款订入规则中扩大了条款提供方提示说明义务范围，借鉴其理念并结合保险合同自身特点，构建以条款重要性、信息获得可能性和利益均衡性为标准的多层次保险人信息提供义务体系更为合理。扩大保险人信息提供义务范围的同时，应降低保险人义务履行之证明标准。保险人提供投保人签署或摘抄含有保险人履行义务内容的声明，可认定保险人已完成信息提供义务的初步举证责任。

Abstract:: The Insurance Law takes the exemption clauses of the format contract as a standard for the extent of the insurers' obligations to provide information, which is logically flawed and has led to disputes and confusion in practice. In the rules for setting out clauses of the format contract, the Civil Code expands the scope of the clause providers' obligations to give prompts and explanations. Drawing on the idea behind this and taking into consideration the characteristics of insurance contracts, we consider it more reasonable to put into place a multi-level insurer information provision obligation system based on the importance of clauses, the possibility of information acquisition, and the balance of interests. Alongside the effort to expand the scope of the insurers' obligations to provide information, the standard of proof for fulfilling the insurers' obligations should also be lowered. An insurer provides a statement signed or excerpted by the policyholder that contains the insurer's obligations to be fulfilled, which can be deemed as the initial burden of proof that the insurer has fulfilled the obligations to provide information.