死刑废除的刑法教义学言说何以可能-《南京师大学报》（社会科学版）

文章信息/Info

Title:: How Is It Possible to Abolish Death Penalty in Terms of the Doctrine of Criminal Law?

Keywords:: death penalty; applicable standard; social science jurisprudence; doctrine of criminal law; self-fulfilling prophecy

摘要:: 死刑适用标准是刑法教义学关注的热点领域,当法学家以理性的死刑观建构死刑之适用标准,并以此来关照我国当下司法实践时,必然会产生理性的死刑观与现实的死刑观之间的冲突:理性的死刑观以司法上废除死刑为基本目标,主张在“可杀与不可杀”的情况下,坚持不杀,为此,刑法教义学建构起一个最严格限制死刑的适用标准。现实的死刑观则可能基于政治抉择、社会效果、民意等考量,而在“可杀与不可杀”的情况下,附条件地慎杀。刑法教义学的目标不仅在于追求个案的公正裁决和确保同类案件处理之间的协同性,而且在于理清社会发展的理想。引领我国死刑适用更加理性,法学家必须立足于自我预言式实现,从刑法教义学上架构“司法上废除死刑”的理想,并说服民众与政治家。

Abstract:: The application standard of death penalty is a hot area of concern in the doctrine of criminal law. When jurists construct the application standard of the death penalty with a rational view and see the current judicial practice in China from this perspective, there will inevitably be a conflict between the rational view and the realistic view of death penalty. The rational view of death penalty takes judicial abolition of the death penalty as its basic goal, and advocates not to kill in the situation where the convicted criminal can be exempted from the death penalty. The realistic view may be constrained by such factors as political choice, social effects, and public opinion, and in the case where the death penalty is applied with great caution and under strict condition when whether to kill or not to kill the criminal is under controversy. The goal of the doctrine of criminal law is not only to pursue a fair judgment of individual cases and ensure the coordination between the handling of similar cases, but also to clarify the ideal of social development. In order to lead China to apply the death penalty more rationally, jurists must base themselves on the so-called “self-fulfilling prophecy”, construct the ideal of “judicial abolition of the death penalty” from the perspective of the doctrine of criminal law, and manage to convince the public and the policy makers.