普实克和夏志清的鲁迅研究及其方法论反思-《南京师大学报》（社会科学版）

文章信息/Info

Title:: C. T. Hsia and Jaroslav Prusek’s Studies on Lu Xun:A Methodological Review

Keywords:: C.T. Hsia; Jaroslav Prusek; Lu Xun studies; socialhistory; New Criticism; authorial intention

摘要:: 普实克和夏志清的中国现代文学研究开启了迥异的学术思路和研究范式：普实克同情中国革命，以社会历史分析的方法肯定中国现代文学的现实品格，褒赞鲁迅的历史功绩；而夏志清受新批评派的影响，重视对作品自身价值的鉴别与评价，加上冷战背景和历史偏见，他的鲁迅研究实践了去历史化和矮化鲁迅的诉求。两人的这种学术分歧经过1961 —1963 年的“普夏之争”得到了更为鲜明的呈现。本文结合普夏结缘鲁迅的历史背景，追踪他们学术实践的理论资源，辨析“普夏之争”中各自的鲁迅观和鲁迅研究的特点或局限，最后反思普夏两人的文学史写作与政治偏见、作者意图、历史化之间的复杂关系。

Abstract:: C. T. Hsia and Jaroslav Prusek formed quite different academic ideas and research paradigmsin the study of modern Chinese literature. Prusek sympathized with Chinese revolution, and affirmed therealistic character of Chinese modern literature by means of social-historical analysis. He thought highly of LuXun’s historical achievements. Influenced by the New Criticism, Hsia paid more attention to the identificationand evaluation of the value of Lu Xun’s works. Also influenced by the cold war background and historicalprejudice, he practiced the pursuit of de-historicization, and thus dwarfed Lu Xun’s accomplishments tosome extent. The academic divergence between the two scholars was more distinct after“the AcademicDisputes Between C. T. Hsia and Jaroslav Prusek” taking place between 1961 and 1963. Based on thehistorical background in which Hsia and Prusek began and conducted their Lu Xun studies, this paper traces thetheoretical resources of their academic practice, identifies the characteristics or limitations of their respectiveviews on Lu Xun and his works embodied in the“ the Academic Disputes Between C. T. Hsia and JaroslavPrusek”. Finally, this paper reflects on the complex relationship between literary history writing and politicalprejudice, authorial intention, and historicization through comparing Hsia and Prusek’s studies on Lu Xun.