示范性诉讼：旅游消费者群体性纠纷救济的制度更新-《南京师大学报》（社会科学版）

文章信息/Info

Title:: Model Action: An Institutional Reform in Settling TourismConsumers’ Group Disputes

Author(s):: BI Yuqian; SADING Turenisa; China University of Political Science and Law (Beijing 100088).

Keywords:: tourism consumer group dispute; representative action; model action

摘要:: 旅游业的发展、旅游市场的繁荣以成熟的旅游纠纷解决机制作为保障。在旅游过程中，当旅游者的人身财产安全、知悉权、自主选择权、求偿权等被侵害时，因旅游消费的特殊性，考虑到成本等原因，多数的旅游消费者选择沉默或“弃权”。虽然，新制定的《旅游法》参照我国《民事诉讼法》群体诉讼的模式规定由代表人诉讼来解决旅游群体性纠纷，但我国的代表人诉讼制度功能在解决大型侵害纠纷上发挥得最佳，在解决“小额多数”性的旅游群体侵害纠纷上发生功能错位而不能完全满足旅游消费者群体性侵害纠纷之解决的需要。通过比较、分析各国群体诉讼形态之功能，本文指出德国式的职权型示范诉讼更能够有效的解决“小额多数”的旅游消费者群体性纠纷。

Abstract:: Tourism plays an important role in China’s economic development and improving the quality ofcitizens’ life. A safe and stable tourism market is conducive to promoting the prosperity of tourism, which isbased on the mechanism for effective solution to tourism disputes. In tourism, when their rights are violated,most consumers choose to be silent because of the cost. Although the new tourism law with reference to ourcountry’s civil procedure law stipulates that tourism group disputes should be settled by the representativelitigation system, the function of the representative litigation system in China performs effectively in settlinglarge scale disputes, while falling short of its intended function in dealing with small scale disputes involving alarge number of people. By comparing and analyzing the function of the lawsuit forms of various countries, itis found that the German model action can better solve the tourism consumer group disputes belonging to thelatter category metioned above.

备注/Memo:: 毕玉谦，法学博士，“2011计划”司法文明协同创新中心专家，中国政法大学教授、博士生导师（北京100088）吐热尼萨·萨丁，中国政法大学民商经济法学院诉讼法学博士研究生（北京100088）。
BI Yuqian, PhD in Law, is Professor and PhD Supervisor at China University ofPolitical Science and Law (Beijing 100088); SADING Turenisa is PhD Candidate at Civil, Commercialand Economic Law School, China University of Political Science and Law (Beijing 100088).