«上一篇/Previous Article|本期目录/Table of Contents|下一篇/Next Article»

《南京师大学报》（社会科学版）[ISSN:1006-6977/CN:61-1281/TN]

卷:

期数:

2019年03期

页码:

058-69

栏目:

心理学研究

出版日期:

2019-05-25

文章信息/Info

Title:

The Beginning of Western Psychotherapy in China: Focusing on the Sinicization of Psychotherapy

作者:

王东美 桑志芹

王东美，南京大学社会学院助理（南京 210023）；桑志芹，南京大学社会学院（南京 210023）

Author(s):

WANG Dongmei;  SANG Zhiqin

关键词:

心理治疗; 心理卫生; 中国化; 历史

Keywords:

psychotherapy;  mental hygiene;  Sinicization;  history

摘要:

现代心理治疗最初传入中国经历了三个阶段：第一本民间心理治疗著作、作为学科开始的变态心理学、作为心理建设的心理卫生运动。就近代中国思想史的脉络来看，这三者都与当时的社会思想有关，当古老中国进入现代社会的时候，当时的知识分子在科学与民主的感召下，呼唤“个人”的进场，又难以摆脱传统知识分子的“家国情怀”，于是，诞生于西方的现代心理治疗在传入中国社会的早期，产生了两种不同的思潮：中国化的心理卫生和心理卫生中国化。前者是用中国传统文化中的思想和概念解释心理卫生，后者则是在西方心理卫生基础上进行中国化。20世纪30年代，中国知识分子将心理卫生运动推向高潮。本文在挖掘了大量珍贵史料的基础之上，回顾了心理治疗最初传入中国的过程，并在此基础上提出对当今心理治疗中国化道路的启示：中国传统文化中有很多思想可以成为中国心理治疗的理论资源；需要反思心理因素背后的社会文化条件，重视社会文化脉络；心理治疗需要打开学科界限，尤其需要重视与人文思想界的互动。

Abstract:

The introduction of modern psychotherapy in China has undergone three consecutive stages marked by the following events: the publication of the first folk psychotherapy book; the establishment of abnormal psychology as a discipline; and the launch of Mental Hygiene Movement as a great event in the development of modern psychology. In terms of the development of modern Chinese thoughts, these three events were closely related to the then social mentality. When ancient China entered a modern society, the Chinese intellectuals at that time called for the entry of “individuals” onto the social stage under the inspiration of the two key notions of science and democracy. However, it was difficult for them to get rid of the collective unconsciousness of the traditional mentality on the social order. Therefore, when the Western psychotherapy met Chinese culture at the first time, two different trends of thoughts were born: the indigenous idea of mental hygiene and the Sinicization of the Western theory of mental hygiene. On the basis of excavating a large amount of precious historical material, this paper reviews the process of how Western psychotherapy was first introduced to China, and on this basis, puts forward the enlightenment brought about by the current path followed by Chinese psychotherapy. Firstly, there are many ideas in Chinese traditional culture that can become the theoretical resources of modern psychotherapy. Secondly, we need to reflect on the social and cultural conditions behind the psychological factors within the social and cultural context. Thirdly, psychotherapy needs to cross the boundaries between different disciplines and in particular interact with the humanistic areas.

备注/Memo

备注/Memo:

王东美，心理学博士，南京大学社会学院助理研究员（南京 210023）；桑志芹，心理学博士，南京大学社会学院教授、博士生导师（南京 210023）。本文是江苏省社会科学基金重大项目“江苏心理健康历史文献整理与研究”（18ZD010）、国家哲学社会科学基金项目“积极心理学视角下的中国大学生乐观情绪建构与抗逆力提升研究”（15BSII089）研究成果。About the authors: WANG Dongmei, PhD in Psychology, is Assistant Professor at School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Nanjing University（Nanjing 210023）; SANG Zhiqin, PhD in Psychology, is Professor and PhD Supervisor at Social and Behavioral Sciences, Nanjing University（Nanjing 210023）.

常用功能

更新日期/Last Update: 2019-05-25