制度建构:走出集体行动困境的反思-《南京师大学报（社会科学版）》

文章信息/Info

Title:: Institutional Construction: Reflections on How toResolve Collective Action Dilemmas

作者:: 102; 102); font-family: Arial; Verdana; sans-serif; font-size: 12px; background-color: rgb(255; 255; 255);">金太军; 鹿斌 ¹⁰²; 102); font-family: Arial; Verdana; sans-serif;">*; 苏州大学政治与公共管理学院,215123

Keywords:: institutional construction; collective action; reflexivity; supporting system

摘要:: 集体行动作为一种社会建构,基于诸多因素的考量,行动困境似乎成为了常态。而有关走出这一困境的学术思考却存在着多种视角的解读,但显然,以制度建构为核心的逻辑进路成为最为常规的选择。虽然制度作为一种刚性规范在解决集体行动困境中拥有规范性、策略性和政治性等诸多功能性力量,但是基于辩证法的逻辑,稳定性、不确定性、非最佳选择和非理性结果等自反性特征也在很大程度上使依靠制度走出困境成为幻想。因此,制度的自我优化势在必行。而突破“以制度说制度”的内部逻辑怪圈,从外部系统中寻求制度优化的方法,并将理念引导、经济激励、政治认同和非正式制度匹配作为重要的支撑体系,以期弥补制度建构的完整路径。

Abstract:: Given a variety of factors, collective action as a social construction is usually caught in a dilemma. Among the many approaches offered to resolve this dilemma, the one centering on the logic of institutional construction is obviously the most popular choice. Though the institution as a rigid norm can play, among others, normative, strategic and political functions in resolving collective action dilemmas, according to the logic of dialectics, the reflective features such as rigidity, uncertainty, and possibility of choices other than the best and of unreasonable outcomes make it impossible for the institution-based methods to resolve the dilemmas. Therefore, it is inevitable for intuitions to improve themselves. The way out of the logical circle of “resolving institutional defects through institutions” lies in the introduction of some external elements, which should be supported by the mechanisms of theoretical guidance, economic incentives, political identification, and informal institutions. All this will form a comprehensive view on the institutional construction.