从观念合法性到规则合法性——论近代中学训育部的出现与变革-《南京师大学报》（社会科学版）

文章信息/Info

Title:: The Emergence of and Changes in Middle School’s Discipline Departmentin Modern China: From Idealistic Legitimacy to Regulative Legitimacy

Keywords:: middle schools in modern China; discipline department; department of teaching and discipline; idealistic legitimacy; regulative legitimacy; isomorphism

摘要:: 近代中学训育部在1920年代初较为普遍地出现,至1930年代初,教导部又取代训育部成为一些中学新的训育组织。组织规模扩大和加强训育工作的实际需要,都不是中学“普遍”设置相应训育组织的根本原因。它只能从合法性影响的角度加以说明。与不同时期的政治结构密切关联,训育部最初出现主要是受观念合法性的影响,教导部的设置则主要受规则合法性影响。虽然,训育组织形式及其影响因素不同,但不同阶段中学的训育组织都存在趋同的现象。这也提醒我们以一种更为审慎的态度,思考当前有关学校特色发展、多样化发展的讨论和探索。

Abstract:: It is in the early 1920s that discipline departments began to appear in most middle schools in modern China. At the beginning of the 1930s, the department of teaching and discipline began to replace the original single-functional discipline department. The root reason why modern middle schools universally set discipline organs was not because of the size of organization and the needs of strengthening discipline work but because of the effect of legitimacy factors. Corresponding to the political structure of different times, the appearance of discipline department in the early 1920s was due to the idealistic legitimacy and the establishment of the department of teaching and discipline in the early 1930s to the regulative legitimacy. Though the idealistic and regulative legitimacies were quite different factors, both of them led to the isomorphism of discipline organization. This reminds us that we should be prudent when dealing with the issue of how middle schools achieve diversified developments with their own characteristics.