破除“还权赋能”的迷信 ——以《还权赋能——成都土地制度改革探索的调查研究》的主要观点与周其仁教授商榷-《南京师大学报》（社会科学版）

文章信息/Info

Title:: Fallacy of “Returning Right and Endowing Power”: A Reaction to Zhou Qiren’s Views on Chengdu’s Reform in Its Land System

Keywords:: returning right and endowing power; land system; coordinated planning of urban and rural areas; land differential revenue

摘要:: 周其仁教授团队最近发表长篇论文认为,成都市城乡统筹成功的经验是通过确权确地将农民土地财产权还给农民,再利用城市化加速的机遇,释放级差土地收入的能量,借土地流转与建立城乡统一土地交易市场,形成了农民与各相关利益方共同分享城市化土地增值的格局。他将这一检验概括为“还权赋能”。然而直白地讲,周教授所认为的成都市城乡统筹主要经验的本质就是土地私有化。笔者同样以成都市的田野调研为基础,提出成都城乡统筹经验的本质是在中国现行土地制度安排框架下,政府通过土地财政主导并推动经济高速发展和城市快速扩张,并相应提升城市基础设施水平以及提高城市为经济建设服务的能力,从而形成巨大的经济总量; 这个经济总量的一部分投射到不可移动的土地上面,形成土地级差地租,以适应城市扩大和城市发展的需要,这使得城郊农村的土地具有了远高于农业用途的非农使用的增值收益,由此形成快速经济发展和城市扩张中的良性循环,进而为顺利完成城市化的历史性使命提供了可能。这一解释观点,与周其仁团队完全不同。

Abstract:: In a recently-published lengthy treatise, Professor Zhou Qiren’s team summarizes Chengdu’s experience in coordinated planning of urban and rural land reform as “returning right to farmers and endowing them with power”. Contrary to such an observation, we argue that the essence of Chengdu’s coordinating urban and rural land development lies in the following fact: the project is carried out within the framework of the existing land system; thanks to tremendous financial support from land transfer, the government can lead and promote the rapid economic development and urban expansion; the improved urban structure in return enhances the city’s ability to promote economic growth, so that a huge economic energy gets released. Part of this economic energy is projected onto the immovable land, so differential land rent emerges to meet the needs of the urban expansion and development. This enables suburban rural land to produce a value-added income, which is much higher than the non-farm use of the land designated for agricultural purposes. Thus a virtuous circle comes into being in the rapid economic development and urban expansion, which will make it possible to facilitate the historic mission of China’s urbanization.