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Abstract:: Pretend play is indispensible to children’s growth. There is a close relationship between children’s pretend play and their personal development, but there are still many disputes regarding the direction and the possible cause for their connection. In this paper, the relationship between children’s pretend play and their non-social cognition, social cognition and social skills are discussed, and the relevant evidence and academic disputes are presented. Considering some problems existing in current research, some possible directions of future research are put forward in the theoretical, experimental and application areas, namely: Whether and how could a unified framework or theory be established? How to strike a balance between the experimental control and the real situation? And how to evaluate the influence and the impact of pretend play?