[1]刘永芳 王修欣.有限理性合作观:破解人类合作之谜[J].南京师大学报(社会科学版),2019,(06):060-70.
　LIU Yongfang,WANG Xiuxin.Cooperation Based on Bounded Rationality: A Perspective forUnderstanding Human Cooperative Behavior[J].Journal of Nanjing Normal University (Social Science Edition),2019,(06):060-70.
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有限理性合作观:破解人类合作之谜
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《南京师大学报》（社会科学版）[ISSN:1006-6977/CN:61-1281/TN]

卷:
期数:
2019年06期
页码:
060-70
栏目:
心理学研究
出版日期:
2019-11-25

文章信息/Info

Title:
Cooperation Based on Bounded Rationality: A Perspective forUnderstanding Human Cooperative Behavior
作者:
刘永芳 王修欣
华东师范大学心理与认知科学学院（上海 200062）
Author(s):
LIU Yongfang;  WANG Xiuxin
关键词:
合作行为; 理性; 有限理性; 社会启发式a
Keywords:
cooperative behavior;  rationality;  bounded rationality;  social heuristic
摘要:
传统合作行为研究以生物学的进化论和经济学的理性经济人假设为前提，推演出“物竞天择，适者生存”和“纳什均衡”等结论，描绘了一幅暗淡的人类合作画面，而以此为基础形成的各式各样的关于个体选择、社会选择和集体行动的理论则成为公共管理和社会治理的基本指导思想。然而，这种观点无论在理论上还是在实践上，都遇到了难以自圆其说的困境，被称为“集体行动的困境”或“合作的或社会的困境”，亦被称为“人类合作之谜”。当代认知心理学的有限理性观及近年来在此基础上兴起的关于社会启发式的研究，为摆脱此种困境提供了启示。基于这些研究，我们提出了有限理性合作观，以还原人类合作行为的真实画面，破解人类合作之谜。
Abstract:
The traditional studies on human cooperative behavior, which were premised upon the hypothesisof economic man in economics and the theory of evolution in biology, drew such conclusions as“ survival ofthe fittest” and“ the Nash equilibrium” , thus painting a gloomy picture of human cooperation. The sundrytheories based on such conclusions concerningthe choices made by the individual and the society as well as thecollective action have become the basic principle governing the public administration and social governance.However, this view faces insurmountable difficulties in both theory and practice, which are known as“ dilemmaof collective action” ,“ cooperative or social dilemma” and“ myth of human cooperation” . The theory ofbounded rationality in contemporary cognitive psychology and the social heuristics developed accordinglycan well inform the settlement of such difficulties. On this basis, we propose a perspective on cooperationbased on bounded rationality, from which the true nature of human cooperation can be revealed and the mythsurrounding it exposed.

相似文献/References:

[1]胡晓明.韦伯官僚制思想观照下的墨家社会组织学说[J].南京师大学报(社会科学版),2016,(04):071.
　HU Xiao-ming.Mohist Theory of Social Organization Viewed from the Perspective ofWeber’s Notion of Bureaucracy[J].Journal of Nanjing Normal University (Social Science Edition),2016,(06):071.
[2]姚志强.人是理性的吗?——来自推理与决策心理学中的争论[J].南京师大学报(社会科学版),2017,(01):100.
　YAO Zhi-qiang.Are Human Beings Rational?：A Debate in Psychology of Reasoningand Decision-making[J].Journal of Nanjing Normal University (Social Science Edition),2017,(06):100.

备注/Memo

备注/Memo:
刘永芳，心理学博士，华东师范大学心理与认知科学学院教授、博士生导师（上海 200062）；王修欣，华东师范大学心理与认知科学学院博士研究生（上海 200062）。本文受国家社会科学基金重大项目（15ZDB121）的资助。
LIU Yongfang, PhD in Psychology, is Professor and PhD Supervisor at the School ofPsychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University(Shanghai 200062); WANG Xiuxin, PhDCandidate at School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University(Shanghai 200062).
更新日期/Last Update: 2019-11-25