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《南京师大学报》（社会科学版）[ISSN:1006-6977/CN:61-1281/TN]

卷:

期数:

2024年04期

页码:

098-109

栏目:

法学研究

出版日期:

2024-08-25

文章信息/Info

Title:

Normative Construction of the Principle of Shareholder Equality in Virtual Shareholder Meetings

作者:

陈景善

Author(s):

CHEN Jingshan

关键词:

电子股东会; 股东平等; 股东知情权; 电子表决权

Keywords:

virtual shareholder meetings;  shareholder equality;  shareholders' right to information;  electronic voting rights

摘要:

出席股东会是股东行使自身权利、治理公司事务的基本路径。委托代理人出席或书面表决等方式系原《公司法》认可的股东现场出席股东会的合法替代方式，但这两种方式均存在不足。鉴于实践效果上电子化表决在提升参与度和确保表决真实性方面起到了积极作用，新《公司法》明确规定公司可以通过电子通信方式召开电子股东会，进一步提高了股东参与度并克服了传统的两类替代方式的弊端。该规定是对实践中已广泛采用的股东会组织方式合法性的确认。然而，新《公司法》等现行法律法规并未充分考虑到电子股东会制度可能引发的股东知情权行权差异和潜在的股东不平等问题，也并未对上述问题以及电子股东会可能发生的程序瑕疵、系统障碍作出针对性的预防和救济规制。实施电子股东会的公司应当保障不同参与方式的股东均可以充分行使权利，制定电子股东会决策程序瑕疵、出现系统故障时的预防和救济措施，以全面有效发挥股东会应有的功能。

Abstract:

Attending shareholder meetings is a fundamental way for shareholders to exercise their rights and govern company affairs. The original Company Law recognized the appointment of proxies or written voting as legitimate alternatives to in-person attendance at shareholder meetings, but both methods have their shortcomings. Given that electronic voting has proven effective in practice by enhancing participation and ensuring voting authenticity, the new Company Law explicitly allows companies to hold virtual shareholder meetings via electronic communication methods. This change further increases shareholder participation and overcomes the deficiencies of the traditional alternatives by confirming the legality of shareholder meeting formats that have been widely adopted in practice. However, the new Company Law and other current legal regulations do not fully address the issues of potential discrepancies in shareholders' right to information and the possibility of shareholder inequality arising from electronic shareholder meetings. Moreover, there is no specific guidance on preventing and remedying procedural flaws or system obstacles that may occur during electronic shareholder meetings. Companies implementing electronic shareholder meetings should ensure that shareholders participating through various methods can fully exercise their rights. They should also develop measures for preventing and remedying the procedural flaws and system failures in decision-making so as to fully and effectively realize the intended functions of shareholder meetings.

备注/Memo

备注/Memo:

陈景善，法学博士，中国政法大学民商经济法学院教授、博士生导师（北京100088）。本文系国家社会科学基金后期资助项目“新营商环境评估体系下破产债权人利益冲突解决的中国方案”（23FFXB039）的阶段性成果。

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更新日期/Last Update: 2024-08-25